Economic issues drive disparities in heart disease, stroke

美国心脏协会新闻

Street in poor neighborhood

State-by-state disparities in heart disease and stroke are rooted in the economic health of communities and the people who live in them, according to an analysis of a report tracking the impact of cardiovascular disease across the country.

Despite a 38 percent overall drop in cardiovascular disease in the U.S. from 1990-2016, some states improved more slowly than others and a dozen states fell behind.

博士说:“社会经济因素起着作用。收入非常低的人可能难以将食物放在桌子上或将屋顶放在头上可能很难确定锻炼,健康饮食甚至去看医生。”心脏病专家和报告的主要作者格雷戈里·罗斯(Gregory Roth)。

罗斯说:“这不仅是一个健康问题,而且是一个经济问题和经济政策问题,在给人们所需的资源以使他们生病时,他们不会死于疾病。”

他说,低收入社区吸引医疗保健工作者或对医疗机构的投资的可能性较小。卫生保健访问可能受到成瘾,心理健康问题或失业导致的交通不足的限制。

上个月出版贾马心脏病学(链接在新窗口中打开),该报告追踪了心血管疾病的死亡,包括心脏病发作,中风,心律不规则和冠状动脉疾病。它还研究了十几个危险因素;患有心血管疾病的人数;以及收入和教育水平。研究人员分析了每个州这些疾病的总负担,并将其排名。

The effort is part of the University of Washington School of Medicine’s broader “Global Burden of Disease Study” created by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation in Seattle, where Roth leads cardiovascular disease modeling. The larger study investigated 332 causes of diseases and injuries, and 84 risk factors in 195 countries and territories.

根据报告的主要危险因素影响心血管健康,使其成为改善的“关键目标”,根据编辑的注释,马克·霍夫曼(Mark Huffman)JAMA心脏病学以及芝加哥西北大学Feinberg医学院的预防副教授。

其他最高危险因素包括高血压;高体重指数;高胆固醇;和高血糖水平,这是糖尿病的指标。

北部大学流行病学教授韦恩·罗萨蒙德(Wayne Rosamond)说,研究人员和医生已经花了多年的时间研究心脏病的原因以及哪些因素促进心血管健康,其中重要的部分是人们工作和生活的社会和经济环境。Carolina’s Gillings School of Global Public Health.

To successfully fight heart disease, Rosamond said, states need to work to evaluate their communities, then support and promote environmental, social and economic conditions that favor cardiovascular health.

罗斯说,卫生部门和医院应该知道并为他们的进步做出基准测试。“如果您无法衡量它,您将永远不会知道健康是好还是坏。”

罗斯说,解决方案之一是从孩子们开始早点开始。

他说:“我们需要提高儿童的能力和健康生活的能力。”这涉及避免烟草和酒精,建立抑郁症的应对机制或解决教育挑战,因此儿童最终不会出现终身健康问题。

罗斯说,例如,学校在学校的兴起令人不安,可能威胁到减少吸烟的国家收益。“当我们看到一种使孩子上瘾的尼古丁的新技术时,我们需要非常非常担心。”

High-quality, affordable health care also should be part of the solution, according to researchers.

罗斯说,心血管疾病将继续是一个问题。

Mississippi had the highest impacts from cardiovascular disease in 1990 and again in 2016. But it improved significantly, lowering its burden by nearly a third, Roth said. Its rank didn’t change because other states also improved, largely because of improved treatments and healthier behaviors.

在密西西比州之后,心血管疾病的最高负担是在阿肯色州,俄克拉荷马州,路易斯安那州,阿拉巴马州,田纳西州,肯塔基州,肯塔基州,西弗吉尼亚州,南卡罗来纳州和乔治亚州。其他州的排名几乎很高:印第安纳州,密苏里州,俄亥俄州,密歇根州,北卡罗来纳州,内华达州和德克萨斯州。

最健康的州是明尼苏达州,其次是科罗拉多州,马萨诸塞州,新罕布什尔州,华盛顿,康涅狄格州,佛蒙特州和俄勒冈州。

根据美国心脏协会的数据,心血管疾病是美国男女的主要杀手。研究人员称,可以通过治疗高血压,高胆固醇,烟草使用,不健康饮食,肥胖和身体活动水平较低的危险因素来预防。

But not enough has been done, Roth said, "to address the root causes of disparity between states, even as we have done a lot to treat [cardiovascular] disease itself."

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美国心脏协会新闻报道

美国心脏协会消息covers heart disease, stroke and related health issues. Not all views expressed in American Heart Association News stories reflect the official position of the American Heart Association. Statements, conclusions, accuracy and reliability of studies published in American Heart Association scientific journals or presented at American Heart Association scientific meetings are solely those of the study authors and do not necessarily reflect the American Heart Association’s official guidance, policies or positions.

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